Diario de trscavo

In the iNaturalist interface, the name Heartleaf Foamflower (Tiarella cordifolia) refers to a species of flowering plant narrowly confined to the eastern United States, from Maryland to Georgia. If your observation is outside of this region, it is probably not Tiarella cordifolia. iNaturalist recognizes five species of Foamflowers (Tiarella) in eastern North America, widely ranging from northeastern Canada to the southeastern United States. For more information, see:

• Observing and identifying Foamflowers in eastern North America (googledoc)

Tips for observers and identifiers are included, plus detailed information about the geographical distribution of Tiarella.

If you observe either Tiarella stolonifera or Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto with a single, small bract on the flowering stem, add an observation field to track this. On any observations page, under the heading “Observation Fields”, do the following:

1. Choose a field: forma bracteata
2. Select a value: yes or maybe
3. Click: “Add”

Click the link below for the current list of observations that specify this field:

• Observation field: forma bracteata

Apply this field if all of the following are true:

• There is one small bract on the flowering stem
• The location is within range for either Tiarella stolonifera or Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto
• The plant is neither planted nor introduced

Very rarely you may find a pair of bracts on the flowering stem of either species. In this case, assign a value of "maybe" to the field.

iNaturalist recognizes five species of Foamflowers (Tiarella) in eastern North America, but in Maryland and Virginia, there are just two: Tiarella stolonifera and Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto. The ranges of the two species are immediately adjacent along the Blue Ridge Mountains in western Maryland and western Virginia. Tiarella stolonifera is widely distributed to the north, south, and west of the Blue Ridge while Tiarella cordifolia is confined to the piedmont and upper coastal plain to the east.

Distribution of Tiarella in Maryland counties:

• Tiarella stolonifera: Allegany, Garrett, Harford, Washington
• Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto: Charles, Montgomery, Prince George’s

Distribution of Tiarella in Virginia counties:

• Tiarella stolonifera: Bath, Bland, Buchanan, Carroll, Dickenson, Floyd, Giles, Grayson, Highland, Pulaski, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Russell, Scott, Smyth, Tazewell, Washington, Wise, Wythe
• Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto: Albemarle, Amelia, Amherst, Appomattox, Arlington, Augusta, Bedford, Botetourt, Brunswick, Buckingham, Campbell, Caroline, Charlotte, Chesterfield, Culpeper, Cumberland, Fairfax, Fauquier, Fluvanna, Franklin, Goochland, Halifax, Henrico, Henry, James City, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, Nelson, Patrick, Pittsylvania, Powhatan, Prince Edward, Roanoke, Spotsylvania, Stafford, Sussex

Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in Maryland:

• Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in an expected county in Maryland
• Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in an unexpected county in Maryland

Observations of Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto in Maryland:

• Observations of Tiarella cordifolia in an expected county in Maryland
• Observations of Tiarella cordifolia in an unexpected county in Maryland

Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in Virginia:

• Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in an expected county in Virginia
• Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in an unexpected county in Virginia

Observations of Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto in Virginia:

• Observations of Tiarella cordifolia in an expected county in Virginia
• Observations of Tiarella cordifolia in an unexpected county in Virginia

Tips for identification of Tiarella species:

• Identification of Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto
• Identification of Tiarella stolonifera

Tiarella stolonifera and Tiarella cordifolia are very similar. The only way to distinguish them is to confirm the presence of a stolon. Tiarella stolonifera is capable of producing a stolon but Tiarella cordifolia is not. Unfortunately, the absence of a stolon doesn’t tell you much since stolon production is seasonal. Relatively few iNat observations actually show the presence of a stolon.

For details, including a color-coded range map, see: Nesom, Guy L. (2021). "Taxonomy of Tiarella (Saxifragaceae) in the eastern USA" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 31: 1–61. (A shortened version of Nesom's paper was published by the North Carolina Botanical Garden in 2022.)

For more general information about Tiarella, see: Observing and identifying Foamflowers in eastern North America

In November 2022, iNaturalist split Tiarella cordifolia into five species, two of which occur in South Carolina: Tiarella austrina and Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto. The ranges of the two species are immediately adjacent along the Blue Ridge Mountains in northwestern South Carolina.

Distribution of Tiarella in South Carolina counties:

• Tiarella austrina: Greenville, Oconee, Pickens
• Tiarella cordifolia: Abbeville, Cherokee, Chester, Edgefield, Fairfield, Kershaw, Lancaster, Laurens, McCormick, Newberry, Richland, Spartanburg, Union, York

Observations of Tiarella austrina in South Carolina:

• Observations of Tiarella austrina in an expected county in SC
• Observations of Tiarella austrina in an unexpected county in SC

Observations of Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto in South Carolina:

• Observations of Tiarella cordifolia in an expected county in SC
• Observations of Tiarella cordifolia in an unexpected county in SC

Tips for identification of Tiarella species:

• Identification of Tiarella austrina
• Identification of Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto

Tiarella austrina has two distinguishing characteristics: a leaf on the flowering stem and a stolon. Tiarella cordifolia has neither of these characteristics.

For details, including a color-coded range map and an identification key, see: Nesom, Guy L. (2021). "Taxonomy of Tiarella (Saxifragaceae) in the eastern USA" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 31: 1–61. (A shortened version of Nesom's paper was published by the North Carolina Botanical Garden in 2022.)

For more general information about Tiarella, see: Observing and identifying Foamflowers in eastern North America

In November 2022, iNaturalist split Tiarella cordifolia into five species, two of which occur in Kentucky: Tiarella stolonifera and Tiarella wherryi. The ranges of the two species overlap in three counties in south-central Kentucky.

Distribution of Tiarella in Kentucky counties (overlap in bold):

• Tiarella stolonifera: Bell, Carter, Clay, Elliot, Estill, Floyd, Gallatin, Garrard, Greenup, Harlan, Jackson, Jessamine, Jefferson, Johnson, Kenton, Knott, Knox, Laurel, Lee, Leslie, Letcher, Lincoln, Madison, Martin, McCreary, Menifee, Perry, Pike, Powell, Pulaski, Rockcastle, Rowan, Whitley, Wolfe, Woodford
• Tiarella wherryi: Clinton, Cumberland, Edmonson, Hart, Laurel, McCreary, Metcalfe, Pulaski, Wayne

Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in Kentucky:

• Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in an expected county in KY
• Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in an unexpected county in KY

Observations of Tiarella wherryi in Kentucky:

• Observations of Tiarella wherryi in an expected county in KY
• Observations of Tiarella wherryi in an unexpected county in KY

Tips for identification of Tiarella species:

• Identification of Tiarella stolonifera
• Identification of Tiarella wherryi

Tiarella stolonifera is distinguished by the presence of a stolon, which Tiarella wherryi does not have. Since stolon production is seasonal, it is sometimes helpful to examine the leaves. A basal leaf of Tiarella wherryi is usually longer than wide. with acute-acuminate lobes and a prominently extended terminal lobe. On the other hand, a basal leaf of Tiarella stolonifera usually has obtuse to rounded lobes and a terminal lobe that is not prominently extended.

For details, including a color-coded range map and an identification key, see: Nesom, Guy L. (2021). "Taxonomy of Tiarella (Saxifragaceae) in the eastern USA" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 31: 1–61. (A shortened version of Nesom's paper was published by the North Carolina Botanical Garden in 2022.)

For more general information about Tiarella, see: Observing and identifying Foamflowers in eastern North America

In November 2022, iNaturalist split Tiarella cordifolia into five species, all but one of which occur in Tennessee: Tiarella stolonifera, Tiarella wherryi, Tiarella austrina, and Tiarella nautila. These four species are widely distributed throughout central and eastern Tennessee.

Distribution of Tiarella in Tennessee counties (overlap in bold):

• Tiarella stolonifera: Anderson, Campbell, Carter, Claiborne, Grainger, Greene, Hancock, Hawkins, Knox, Morgan, Roane, Scott, Unicoi, Union, Washington
• Tiarella wherryi: Anderson, Bedford, Bledsoe, Bradley, Campbell, Cannon, Coffee, Cumberland, Davidson, DeKalb, Fentress, Franklin, Giles, Grundy, Hamilton, Hickman, Jackson, Knox, Lawrence, Lewis, Lincoln, Loudon, Macon, Marion, Marshall, Maury, McMinn, Meigs, Monroe, Moore, Morgan, Overton, Pickett, Polk, Putnam, Rutherford, Rhea, Roane, Scott, Sequatchie, Smith, Sumner, Trousdale, Van Buren, Warren, Wayne, White, Williamson, Wilson
• Tiarella austrina: Blount, Cocke, Franklin, Monroe, Sevier
• Tiarella nautila: Monroe, Polk

Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in Tennessee:

• Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in an expected county in TN
• Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in an unexpected county in TN

Observations of Tiarella wherryi in Tennessee:

• Observations of Tiarella wherryi in an expected county in TN
• Observations of Tiarella wherryi in an unexpected county in TN

Observations of Tiarella austrina in Tennessee:

• Observations of Tiarella austrina in an expected county in TN
• Observations of Tiarella austrina in an unexpected county in TN

Observations of Tiarella nautila in Tennessee:

• Observations of Tiarella nautila in an expected county in TN
• Observations of Tiarella nautila in an unexpected county in TN

Tips for identification of Tiarella species:

• Identification of Tiarella austrina
• Identification of Tiarella nautila
• Identification of Tiarella stolonifera
• Identification of Tiarella wherryi

The ranges of Tiarella stolonifera and Tiarella wherryi overlap in south-central Kentucky and north-central Tennessee. See the companion article Foamflowers in Kentucky for tips how to distinguish the two species. Three species of Tiarella have been found in two counties in southeastern Tennessee. Tiarella austrina, Tiarella nautila, and Tiarella wherryi occur in Monroe County, while hybrid populations of Tiarella nautila and Tiarella wherryi occur in Polk County. Consequently, identification of Tiarella in southeastern Tennessee can be very difficult.

For details, including a color-coded range map and an identification key, see: Nesom, Guy L. (2021). "Taxonomy of Tiarella (Saxifragaceae) in the eastern USA" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 31: 1–61. (A shortened version of Nesom's paper was published by the North Carolina Botanical Garden in 2022.)

For more general information about Tiarella, see: Observing and identifying Foamflowers in eastern North America

In November 2022, iNaturalist split Tiarella cordifolia into five species, all but one of which occur in North Carolina: Tiarella stolonifera, Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto, Tiarella austrina, and Tiarella nautila. These four species are widely distributed throughout central and western North Carolina.

Distribution of Tiarella in North Carolina counties (overlap in bold):

• Tiarella stolonifera: Alleghany, Ashe, Avery, Buncombe, Burke, Madison, McDowell, Mitchell, Watauga, Wilkes, Yancy
• Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto: Alamance, Alexander, Alleghany, Avery, Burke, Cabarrus, Caldwell, Catawba, Chatham, Cleveland, Cumberland, Davie, Durham, Forsyth, Gaston, Granville, Guilford, Harnett, Iredell, Johnston, Lee, Lincoln, McDowell, Mecklenburg, Montgomery, Orange, Randolph, Rockingham, Rowan, Rutherford, Stanly, Stokes, Surry, Union, Wake, Wilkes, Yadkin
• Tiarella austrina: Buncombe, Cherokee, Clay, Graham, Haywood, Henderson, Jackson, Macon, Polk, Swain, Transylvania
• Tiarella nautila: Cherokee

Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in North Carolina:

• Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in an expected county in NC
• Observations of Tiarella stolonifera in an unexpected county in NC

Observations of Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto in North Carolina:

• Observations of Tiarella cordifolia in an expected county in NC
• Observations of Tiarella cordifolia in an unexpected county in NC

Observations of Tiarella austrina in North Carolina:

• Observations of Tiarella austrina in an expected county in NC
• Observations of Tiarella austrina in an unexpected county in NC

Observations of Tiarella nautila in North Carolina:

• Observations of Tiarella nautila in an expected county in NC
• Observations of Tiarella nautila in an unexpected county in NC

Tips for identification of Tiarella species:

• Identification of Tiarella austrina
• Identification of Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto
• Identification of Tiarella nautila
• Identification of Tiarella stolonifera

The ranges of Tiarella stolonifera and Tiarella cordifolia are adjacent along the Blue Ridge Mountains in western Maryland and western Virginia, but along the northwestern border of North Carolina, the ranges overlap. See the companion article Foamflowers in Maryland and Virginia for tips how to distinguish the two species.

The ranges of Tiarella stolonifera and Tiarella austrina are continuous (and mostly non-overlapping) along the entire western border of North Carolina. Tiarella austrina is distinguished by the presence of a stem leaf (which Tiarella stolonifera does not have).

For details, including a color-coded range map and an identification key, see: Nesom, Guy L. (2021). "Taxonomy of Tiarella (Saxifragaceae) in the eastern USA" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 31: 1–61. (A shortened version of Nesom's paper was published by the North Carolina Botanical Garden in 2022.)

For more general information about Tiarella, see: Observing and identifying Foamflowers in eastern North America

In November 2022, iNaturalist split Tiarella cordifolia into five species, all but one of which occur in Georgia: Tiarella nautila, Tiarella wherryi, Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto, and Tiarella austrina. These species are primarily distributed across northern Georgia.

Distribution of Tiarella in Georgia counties (overlap in bold):

• Tiarella nautila: Bartow, Cherokee, Cobb, Dawson, DeKalb, Fannin, Floyd, Forsyth, Gilmer, Hall, Jackson, Lumpkin, Murray, Pickens, Towns, Union, White
• Tiarella wherryi: Bartow, Carroll, Catoosa, Clay, Clayton, Dade, Decatur, Early, Floyd, Fulton, Gordon, Haralson, Harris, Polk, Quitman, Randolph, Upson, Walker, Whitfield
• Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto: Clarke, Elbert, Jackson
• Tiarella austrina: Dawson, Habersham, Rabun, Stephens, Towns, White

Observations of Tiarella nautila in Georgia:

• Observations of Tiarella nautila in an expected county in Georgia
• Observations of Tiarella nautila in an unexpected county in Georgia

Observations of Tiarella wherryi in Georgia:

• Observations of Tiarella wherryi in an expected county in Georgia
• Observations of Tiarella wherryi in an unexpected county in Georgia

Observations of Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto in Georgia:

• Observations of Tiarella cordifolia in an expected county in Georgia
• Observations of Tiarella cordifolia in an unexpected county in Georgia

Observations of Tiarella austrina in Georgia:

• Observations of Tiarella austrina in an expected county in Georgia
• Observations of Tiarella austrina in an unexpected county in Georgia

Tips for identification of Tiarella species:

• Identification of Tiarella austrina
• Identification of Tiarella cordifolia sensu stricto
• Identification of Tiarella nautila
• Identification of Tiarella wherryi

To distinguish species, look for stem leaves. Only Tiarella nautila and Tiarella austrina have stem leaves. Unlike Tiarella austrina, the flowering stems.of Tiarella nautila are consistently leafy. Although it's difficult to discern in photographs, the stem leaves of Tiarella nautila are larger than those of Tiarella austrina.

For details, including a color-coded range map and an identification key, see: Nesom, Guy L. (2021). "Taxonomy of Tiarella (Saxifragaceae) in the eastern USA" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 31: 1–61. (A shortened version of Nesom's paper was published by the North Carolina Botanical Garden in 2022.)

For more general information about Tiarella, see: Observing and identifying Foamflowers in eastern North America