Waldsteinia
Waldsteinia: style deciduous; basal leaves commonly trifoliate or 3-lobed, lacking small leaflets toward the base of the petiole. Leaflets are fan-shaped, lacking sharp teeth. Hairy leaves & petioles. Overall, a low herb 10-20 cm tall prone to clustering/matting. Has several-flowered loose cyme on a stalk that about equals the leaves in length, with 5 sepals & petals.
Commonly confused with Coptis trifolia: Leaves shinier than in Waldsteinia, marginal teeth longer, veins bulging on leaf adaxial (upper) surface, while in barren strawberry veins are impressed.
https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/show-key.php?highlighttaxonid=3122
Waldsteinia Lobata: Leaves trilobed (the sinuses cleft 1/4 to 3/4 the way to the midrib); leaves rather densely pubescent with stiff hairs, these distributed on the veins and on the intervein surfaces; [of a small area at the southern terminus of the Southern Appalachians in n. GA, nw. SC, and sw. NC)
Waldsteinia Ternata: Trifoliate leaves, petals longer than the sepals, 4-7 mm wide, tiny bractlets/epicalyx about 1/3-1/2 as long as the sepals, strongly overlapping adjacent petals. Deeply cleft leaves - leaflets with the deepest sinuses extending usually more than 50% of the distance to the midvein when measured at the angle of the sinuses and veins. Observation: more hairs on adaxial surface, more and sharper teeth in leaf margin, more likely to be deep green & glossy in maturity. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200011833
Key developed by Arthur Haines in New England:
(https://newfs-society.s3.amazonaws.com/documents/NPN_Fall_2020_Winter_2021.pdf , page 16
Only known to have escaped into the wild in New England.
Waldsteinia Fragarioides (wald-STINE-ee-uh fray-gare-ee-OY-deez): Trifoliate leaves, sepals without bractlets, adjacent petals not overlapping. There are numerous stamens (50?) Sepal length & petal shape varies with ssp. Leaflets are broadly cuneate-obovate, 2-8 cm long and 2-6 cm wide, straight tapered below the middle, widest above middle. The upper half of the leaf is rounded and coarsely toothed and often shallowly 3-lobed. The leaves are only sparsely hairy. The lateral leaflets are asymmetrical and the middle leaflet is usually longer and wider than the lateral ones; the leaves generally turn somewhat bronze in the winter; stipules are adnate to the petiole or obsolete. Observation: yellow stamens. Leaflets with the deepest sinuses extending usually less than 50% of the distance to the midvein when measured at the angle of the sinuses and veins.
http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242417492
Commonly North NC and KY northward: Waldsteinia fragarioides ssp. fragarioides has obovate to broadly elliptic petals mostly 5-10 mm long and more than half as wide, obtuse or rounded and evidently exceeding the sepals.
VA and KY southward: may see Waldsteinia fragarioides ssp. doniana. This ssp. has lance-elliptic or narrowly elliptic petals mostly 2.5-5 mm long, less than half as wide, often acute, and shorter than to barely exceeding the sepals.
Per Arthur Haines: If an epicalyx is present but not the broad petals & lobed leaflets, it may not be Geum ternatum s.s. (of Asia), but "Geum trifolium" of Europe (per Arthur Haines). "Geum trifolium" is usually included in Geum ternatum, but the two populations are separated by 5000 km and phylogenetic work shows them to be distinct.
Waldsteinia geoides:
Per second volume of "Flora Europaea" (page 36): Rhizome erect or shortly creeping. Leaves broadly cordate-reniform, with 5-7 lobes, coarsely serrate. Stems 15-25 cm, 3- to 7-flowered, with leaf-like bracts. Flowers 10-15 mm, petals auricled at the base. 2n=14. E.C. Europe extending to S. Bulgaria and W. Ukraine.
Per Bolle, 1933 (https://pbc.gda.pl/dlibra/publication/95540/edition/86202/): No above-ground runners. Basal leaves only ± deeply lobed. Inflorescence with true leaves; multi-flowered. The leaves of the inflorescence usually stalked. Flowers fairly large. Outer calyx present. Glandular hairs absent on calyx and flower stalks. Petals provided with auricles at the bottom. Carpels 3-5. Stalks very short
Per Protopopova 2023 (https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/4/479): well-developed leaf-like bracts, bowl-shaped receptacle, peltate petals, glabrous peduncles, which are concrescent in the lower half
Copy Pastes:
Hello, I believe that this is W. geoides due to the broadly cordate-reniform, 5 lobed leaf shape. The computer vision does not recognize this species yet unfortunately.
Hello, I believe that this is W. ternata due to the visible epicalyx. https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/show-key.php?highlighttaxonid=3122 is my key if you wish to know more. W. ternata is used in landscaping and unfortunately commonly mis-sold as W. fragarioides in the native plant trade. It is not known to have escaped into the wild in the US. Would you know if this is cultivated?
Hello I believe this is W. fragarioides doniana due to the narrow petals that are approximately as long as the sepals! https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/main.php?pg=show-key.php&highlighttaxonid=3121#verttarget is my key if you want to learn more. Because some publications have asserted that W. fragarioides subspecies doniana should be re-classified as its own species (Geum doniana), I think it's important to distinguish to subspecies level in case of a future taxon split.
In the mid right we can see a rare fungus on this plant, Ustacystis waldsteiniae, and this would only be the 5th observation of it on iNaturalist. Very exciting! Would you please duplicate this observation and resubmit it for Ustacystis waldsteiniae?
Ongoing North American Waldsteinias Need IDs: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?per_page=200&verifiable=true&taxon_id=119797&place_id=97394
To do:
Read paper https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/4/479
Annotate re: leaves & buds all Waldsteinias already w "Flower": https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?reviewed=true&per_page=50&quality_grade=needs_id%2Ccasual%2Cresearch&verifiable=true&taxon_id=119797&term_id=12&without_term_id=36
Annotate re: flowers & leaves all Casual-RG Waldsteinias:
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