Description ²

 Thallus: continuous to fissured, with thin to moderately thick verrucae; margin: definite, often zonate; upper surface: whitish gray to greenish gray, margins entire to weakly zoned, epruinose; soredia: farinose, restricted to verrucae or coalescing and spreading onto ruptured thallus surface; Apothecia: no fertile specimens seen; Pycnidia: not seen; Spot tests: K- or K+ yellow to red, C-, KC+ rose-violet, P- or + yellow to red, UV-; Secondary metabolites: picrolichenic and ± protocetraric acids (both major); ± conprotocetraric and subpicrolichenic acid (both minor).; Substrate and ecology: on deciduous trees, such as Aesculus, Quercus or conifers, and also occasionally on siliceous rocks in shady places; World distribution: widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere; Sonoran distribution: in coastal areas of southern California and Baja California and scattered in inland mountains up to 1800 m in Arizona and Chihuahua.; Notes: Pertusaria amara is characterized by small, but coalescing soralia with farinose soredia, a relatively thin, grayish thallus and the presence of the picrolichenic acid chemosyndrome and thus a bitter taste. It is hardly confused with any other Pertusaria species occurring in western North America, except P. albescens. The distinction of both species is discussed above. 

Fuentes y créditos

1. (c) Richard Droker, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-ND), http://www.flickr.com/photos/29750062@N06/3344642578/
2. (c) Lichen Unlimited: Arizona State University, Tempe., algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA), http://eol.org/data_objects/10547711

Más información

• NaturaLista página del taxón
• Biodiversity Heritage Library
• BOLD Systems BIN search
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
• Mushroom Observer
• SEINet Symbiota portals

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