Common Clam Lichen
Hypocenomyce scalaris
Description 4
Thallus: squamulose; squamules: up to 1.2 (-2.0) mm diam., normally ascending and geotropically oriented, weakly convex or strongly convex; upper surface: grayish green or yellowish to dark brown, dull; margin: entire or slightly crenulate, not or slightly upturned, concolorous with upper side; soredia: greenish brown, farinose to granular, in labriform soralia; upper cortex: up to 40 µm thick, composed of thin-walled hyphae; Apothecia: up to 1.5 (-2.5) mm diam., marginal, plane; disc: black, bluish white pruinose, egyrose; margin: remaining prominent, entire or flexuose; exciple: composed of loosely conglutinated hyphae, containing crystals (C+ red), colorless in inner part, green in the rim, K-, N+ violet; hypothecium: light brown or dark brown; epithecium: olivaceous green, containing crystals (C+ red), K-, N+ violet; paraphyses: without swelling or pigment cap in apical cell; asci: remaining immature; ascospores: unknown; Pycnidia: sessile, black, attached marginally or laminally to the upper or lower surface or apparently directly to the substrate; conidia: bacilliform, 5-7.5 x c. 1 µm; Spot tests: upper cortex and medulla K-, C+ red, KC+ red, P-; Secondary metabolite: lecanoric acid.; Substrate and ecology: on bark and wood, often charred, mainly on conifers in conifers forests, at 290-3000 m alt.; World distribution: Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America; Sonoran distribution: Arizona, California, and Chihuahua, fairly common.
Fuentes y créditos
- (c) licensed media from BioImages DwCA without owner, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA), http://www.bioimages.org.uk/html/../image.php?id=55984
- František Bouda, sin restricciones conocidas de derechos (dominio publico), https://www.biolib.cz/IMG/GAL/5323.jpg
- (c) André Aptroot, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA), http://www.tropicallichens.net/photopath/hypocenomyce-scalaris-yunnan.jpg
- (c) Lichen Unlimited: Arizona State University, Tempe., algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA), http://eol.org/data_objects/10547554
