Description ⁷

 Life habit: lichenized; Thallus: thin to thick, placodioid, with radiate-plicate marginal lobes, areolate towards the center; areoles: 0.3-1 mm wide, plane, often delimited by a dark, narrow prothallus; surface: greenish yellow due to usnic acid in the cortex, color sometimes occluded by an outer epinecral layer, or a pruina of oxalate crystals (or both); Apothecia: frequent, cryptolecanorine becoming lecanorine, innate or more usually adnate, 0.2-0.9 mm in diam.; disc: black or sometimes white-pruinose, plane to slightly convex; epihymenium: brown; hymenium: hyaline, I+ blue; paraphyses: simple or weakly branched; hypothecium: hyaline; asci: cylindrical, 8-spored; ascospores: brown, 1-septate, 9-13 x 5-7 µm; becoming constricted centrally; Pycnidia: immersed, occurring singly in the center of younger areolae, pyriform; conidia: hyaline, simple, bacilliform, 5-6 x 1 µm long; Spot tests: K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P+ red (chemotype I), K-, C+ red, P- (chemotype II), K-, C-, KC-, P- (chemotype III, VI), K+ yellow, C+ red, P+ red (chemotype IV), K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P+ orange (chemotype V), K+ yellow, C+ red, P+ orange (chemotype VII); Secondary metabolites: major compounds: usnic acid, fumarprotocetraric acid (chemotype I), usnic acid, gyrophoric acid (chemotype II), usnic acid (chemotype III), usnic acid, gyrophoric acid, fumarprotocetraric acid (chemotype IV), usnic acid, stictic acid (chemotype V), usnic acid, sphaerophorin (VI), usnic acid, gyrophoric acid, stictic acid (chemotype VII); main compounds often accompanied by norstictic acid, lecanoric acid and ovoic acid as minor compounds.; Substrate and ecology: on steeply inclined surfaces of hard siliceous rocks; World distribution: world-wide except in the tropics, Australasia and Antarctica; Sonoran distribution: broadly distributed in the study area, Arizona, California, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora and Chihuahua, from 400 to 2800 m; only four chemotypes (II, V, VI and VII) occur in the area.; Notes: Dimelaena oreina is characterized primarily by the presence of usnic acid, giving the thallus a greenish yellow color. Brodo et al. (2001) refers specimens to Dimelaena suboreina with heavily pruinose apothecia and elongate lobes that are pruinose-scabrose. Due to the presence of intermediate forms and the lack of records in which the two morphotypes are found growing together, D. suboreina is treated as a synonym following Sheard (1974). 

Fuentes y créditos

1. (c) Andrew K., algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA), https://images.mushroomobserver.org/640/142737.jpg
2. (c) André Aptroot, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA), http://www.tropicallichens.net/photopath/dimelaena-oreina-yunnan.jpg
3. (c) Daryl Thompson, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-SA), https://images.mushroomobserver.org/640/45783.jpg
4. (c) Daryl Thompson, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-SA), https://images.mushroomobserver.org/640/45784.jpg
5. (c) Daryl Thompson, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-SA), https://images.mushroomobserver.org/640/45785.jpg
6. (c) Daryl Thompson, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-SA), https://images.mushroomobserver.org/640/45786.jpg
7. (c) Lichen Unlimited: Arizona State University, Tempe., algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA), http://eol.org/data_objects/10548576

Más información

• NaturaLista página del taxón
• Atlas of Living Australia
• Biodiversity Heritage Library
• BOLD Systems BIN search
• CalPhotos
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
• Maryland Biodiversity Project
• Mushroom Observer
• NatureServe Explorer 2.0
• SEINet Symbiota portals
• USDA PLANTS database
• Ways of Enlichenment

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